Can Syria resurrect its oil and gas production?

Resurrecting oil and gas production will not be easy. Before the war, Syria produced 383,000 barrels a day. Now, it produces less than 90,000, according to the World Bank. Facilities and pipelines, including those that deliver energy to Iraq, Jordan and Egypt, have been destroyed or damaged. The country has been importing more oil than it exports.

Can Syria return if there is no electricity or rule of law?

Attracting those with education, skills and resources to return is crucial for Syria’s revival. “Syrians with money are key,” said Dr. Landis at the University of Oklahoma, but many of them will not return if there is no electricity or rule of law. Syria’s neighbors also have a keen interest in the return of refugees and in rebuilding.

Can the United States rebuild Syria's economy?

Even so, there is widespread agreement that the single most important step in rebuilding Syria’s economy can be taken only by the United States: Lift the punishing layers of sanctions that have effectively cut off Syria from international commerce and investment.

Are Syrian rebels forming a government of 'unity and inclusiveness'?

This week, Geir Pedersen, the United Nations’ special envoy for Syria, said rebel leaders had issued “reassuring statements” about forming a government of “unity and inclusiveness.” Washington has other economic cards to play.

What is Syria's economic future?

At the moment, Syria’s economic future depends on the ability of the government in Damascus to consolidate control and establish its legitimacy — to the satisfaction of not only its own diverse population but also the United States and allies that have the final word on sanctions. Patricia Cohen writes about global economics and is based in London.