压缩空气储能（CAES）是应对可再生能源发电间歇性和波动性的重要技术，能有效平衡发电与负荷间的不匹配，加速可再生能源的渗透。 传统的 CAES 系统，如德国亨托夫和美国麦金托什的发电站，存在使用化石燃料、不回收压缩热等问题，并非纯粹的储能设备。 近年来，多种无需化石燃料的先进 CAES 系统应运而生，包括包 括 先 进 绝 热 压 缩 空 气 储 能（ACAES）、等温压缩空气储能（ICAES）、液态空气储能（LAES）、超临界压缩空气储能（SC-CAES）、水下压缩空气储能 （UWCAES） 以及与其他技术相结合的 CAES（如与可再生能源结合，简称 CAES-RES）。
[pdf] At its core, the project uses liquid air energy storage (LAES) – think of it as a giant thermodynamic "piggy bank" for electrons. Here's how it works in simple terms: Excess renewable energy compresses and cools air to -196°C (yes, that's colder than Antarctica!)
[pdf] Researchers from China's Harbin Institute of Technology proposed to combine pumped hydro storage systems with compressed air energy storage (CAES) technology in an attempt to address a well-known issue of pumped hydro schemes – dealing with large head variations in hydraulic machinery.
[pdf] China's cumulative energy storage capacity reached 34.5 GW/74.5 GWh by the end of 2023, and CNESA expects the nation to install more than 35 GW in 2024, with lithium-ion batteries to account for 95.
[pdf] Decarbonization of the electric power sector is essential for sustainable development. Low-carbon generation technologies, such as solar and wind energy, can replace the CO2-emitting energy sources (.
[pdf] Some of the challenges of this technology include high upfront capital costs, the need for heat during the expansion step, lower round-trip efficiency (RTE), siting and permitting challenges, difficulty in identifying and preparing natural caverns for storage, low depth of discharge, and longer response times.
[pdf] 
